Computer systems have to understand the data they are presented with and data types help them to do that. They also govern how long some features take to load, which function a program carries out, and how much memory is required. By enabling a computer to interpret what is being input, data types also let the computer know how the user will be working with the information. It’s a term that is used in software programming to also refer to the actions that a piece of data can perform – from logical to mathematical – without triggering an error. Programs use data types in various combinations to represent numbers, punctuation, and calendar dates. Here’s a closer look at some of the data types that are most often present in programming.
Integers
These data types represent whole numbers that have no fractional values. They will move between digits with no smaller, fractional numbers in between. The number of units involved can be different depending on the device, but many programming languages have negative as well as positive values.
Character
Characters (often abbreviated to char or chr) show information that can be considered the equivalent of a number or a letter. In programming, as elsewhere, characters can be defined as a lone element of written communication, this could be in the form of text or a string of characters.
Date
One of the most often applied features in coding is the date, wherever the system is being programmed in the world. As the name suggests, this data type stores programming information, along with the calendar date. This is essential because the time and date are different across the various time zones.
Timestamp
This is shown in Unix time, or the number of seconds that have passed since 1st January 1970 at midnight, or 00:00:00 UTC. It allows a computerized system to provide exact data when it comes to the date an event took place and the time – even the number of seconds. The nature of the timestamp format means time zones do not affect it.
String
This data type can take the form of a variable arrangement of units, or a constant sequence. Variable strings can be changed or fixed into place at a later date. String data types can manage punctuation, letters, and numbers for the user.
Void
When there is a value that the code cannot respond to, it is contained in a void type. They let a user know that there is no available response. For programmers, this data type is usually found very early in the process, as part of testing a system. It lets them know that no response has been programmed in for the next step.
Why are data types so important?
Data types help to ensure that information is shown, changed, and altered accurately in a computerized system by programmers, the people who support IT systems, and end users. These classifications make the language of programming more accessible and reliable.
By selecting and implementing the right data types, programmers ensure their systems have the tools they need to be efficient and accurate, and that the computer can read their code. As a result, the systems they create are easier to maintain, they are reliable and they provide optimal results for users.
Ensuring results are accurate
Data types manage the values that a variable can display, along with the operations for which it can be used. By choosing the right data type, programmers keep the software consistent and precise.
Managing the system’s memory
Some forms of data type need more memory than others and most have different requirements, that is to say, there is very little conformity. Choosing the right data type can prevent the available memory from being wasted, so the code is executed quickly and efficiently.
Making code that is always readable
Highly readable code is easier for the IT team to support and understand. By selecting data types that can enhance a code’s readability, programmers make it easier for a team to see what the code should be doing during repairs or maintenance.
Tasks are executed faster
Some data types can be processed faster than others so, by choosing the right type for the individual system, programmers can generate swifter overall processing times.
Reducing runtime errors
Incorrect data types can create conversion errors and overflows which disrupt the system of which they are a part. By choosing the correct data types from the start, there is less chance that the program will behave unexpectedly.
Computer programming as a career
Programming is a hugely technical role, offers the opportunity to work remotely, and can be extremely rewarding for people who enjoy problem-solving tasks. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, there will be around 377,500 openings in this industry between now and 2032. Graduates can pursue roles in IT support, systems analysis, or testing if they prefer to work as part of a team. However, there are also positions for web designers and security analysts that offer more autonomy.
In previous years, people with an interest in IT may have struggled to fit a qualification around their home life and work. Now, universities like Baylor are transforming the educational landscape with master’s degrees that are delivered online.
The Baylor Online Master in Computer Science is designed for graduates in a related field, who are hoping to expand their knowledge of coding languages and specialize in software engineering. Delivered 100% online and can be completed in just over two years. The course is tailored for applicants with not only computer science background but also closely related fields, which means individuals from diverse academic backgrounds can transition into the dynamic and rapidly evolving world of computer science.
Conclusion
Although data types vary in their complexity levels, each one serves a distinct purpose. Professionals who work in the field of programming understand the benefits of each type and the importance of choosing the right one for each function. This allows them to create, code, or fix predictable programs that work reliably, and save time when doing so.
